Q1: Which international summit was held on 22–23 November 2025 in Johannesburg?
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G20 Summit.(It was the first G20 summit ever to take place on the African continent)
Q2: What was the motto of the 2025 Johannesburg summit?
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Solidarity, Equality, and Sustainability
Q3: Which edition of COP took place in November 2025?
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COP30
Q4: Where was COP30 held in November 2025?
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Belém, Brazil
Q5: Which volcano erupted on 23 November 2025 after thousands of years of dormancy?
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Hayli Gubbi volcano (Ethiopia)
Q6: How many years had the Hayli Gubbi volcano been dormant before the 2025 eruption (as per reports)?
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~10,000–12,000 years
Q7: Which significant global conference concluded just before the 2025 G20 summit and was referenced at G20 as a backdrop?
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COP30
Q8: What was a controversial omission from the final agreement at COP30?
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Any mention of fossil fuels / fossil-fuel phase-out
Q9: How did the 2025 summit in Johannesburg mark a first for the G20’s geographical history?
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first-ever G20 Leaders' Summit hosted on the African continent
Q10: On what date did the Hayli Gubbi volcano erupt in 2025?
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November 23, 2025
Q11: What classification did International Monetary Fund (IMF) assign to India’s de facto exchange-rate regime in November 2025?
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Crawl-like arrangement
Q12: Which Indian currency milestone was reached on 21 November 2025?
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Rupee touched record low — ₹89.49 per US dollar
Q13: What major criticism emerged against COP30’s final outcome?
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It's failure to include a binding commitment or a clear roadmap for phasing out fossil fuels
Q14: What new commitment was triple-boosted for vulnerable countries at COP30?
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Adaptation climate finance (triple adaptation finance by 2035)
Q15: Which continent hosted the G20 summit for the first time in 2025?
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Africa
Q16: What was a key theme of the declaration at the 2025 G20 Johannesburg summit?
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Sustainable economic growth and climate change action
Q17: Which major global finance-related organisation reclassified India’s FX regime in November 2025?<br />
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International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Q18: The ash from the Hayli Gubbi eruption affected which region across continents?
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Africa, Arabian Peninsula, and parts of India (western) — plume drifted across Red Sea, Yemen, Oman towards India
Q19: According to IMF’s 2025 assessment, why was the FX classification changed for India?
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Because exchange rate started showing increasing two-way movement and less frequent intervention
Q20: Which of the following was not part of the final text agreed at COP30 (Belém, 2025)?
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Formal fossil-fuel phase-out roadmap